Risks and Benefits of Plastic Surgery Essay -- Cosmetic Surgery essays

Risks and Benefits of Plastic Surgery Plastic surgery is a growing entity which needs to be assessed more carefully. Messages within the media indirectly contribute to the rising rate of plastic surgery. Desires to meet the idealisms of media representations are often so consuming that people demand plastic surgery despite all of its associated risks and controversies. To compensate for this up and coming surgical trend, technology has developed more reasonable and attainable options for the public. Millions of operations are now able to be performed on those wishing to fulfill specific gratifcations toward their own personal appearance and/or self-esteem. This is a serious problem in that people are unaware or just simply disregard the risks and controversies associated with unnecessary surgeries. Physical: In order to understand how plastic surgery is detrimental, it is necessary to look at the negative impact it can leave on a person or persons. The most obvious of the problems associated within the industry is the unnecessary risk it poses to one's physical health and well-being. Mybodypart.com, the largest network of Plastic Surgeons backed by the American Board of Plastic Surgery, claims that there are a great deal of potential risks which are associated with aesthetic surgeries. These include complications from bleeding, suture reaction and wound separation, Necrosis, nerve damage, allergic reactions to anesthesia, scarring, and any other complications associated with routine surgical procedures. Bleeding normally continues up to 3 days post surgery and can cause problems clotting, or hemotoma, making the patient(s) susceptible to infection or seromas, which is a collection of tissue fluid. Sutures are foreign... ...ducation/procedures/psychological_aspects.cfm Cosmetic Surgery. (2004). In The new Harvard guide to women's health (p. 179). Cambridge , MA & London , England : Harvard University Press Mybodypart.com (2006) Plastic Surgery – Virtual Plastic Surgery. Retrieved March 12, 2006, from http://www.mybodypart.com/plastic-surgery.html National Research Center for Women & Families, (2006). What you need to know . . before you get breast implants. Retrieved March 5, 2006, from http://www.breastimplantinfo.org/what_know_3.html ( U.S. Food and Drug Administration, FDA/Office of Public Affairs, FDA Consumer, 2000). Retrieved on March 5, 2006 from http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/2000/300_laser.html http://www.worth1000.com/entries/209000/209256fKmj_w.jpg http://www.epregnancy.com/images/plastic_surgery_hdr.jpg http://www.campaignforrealbeauty.com/index.asp

Miller v. Alabama (2012) Supreme Court Case Essay

Introduction The Supreme Court reviewed the constitutionality of mandatory life sentences without parole enforced upon persons aged fourteen and younger found guilty of homicide. The court declared unconstitutional a compulsory sentence of life without parole for children. The states have been barred from routinely imposing sentences based on the crime committed. There is a requirement for individual consideration of the child life circumstance or the defendant status as a child. The court rejected the definite ban on life sentences without parole. This is because in some cases the instances may be uncommon, but jurors can find irreparably corrupted children. The Supreme Court declined to decide the subject whether there is age below which children with life sentences without parole is unconstitutional. Background of the case The judgment of the court is mainly based on consolidation of two cases. In Jackson vs. Hobbs, Jackson was at the age of fourteen when he and other two youth went to a store in Arkansas planning to steal from it. In this case, Jackson got charged as an adult and given a life term with no parole. In Miller v. Alabama, Miller was a fourteen year of age. Jackson and another boy set fire to a trailer where they had purchased drugs. Miller was convicted of murder and given a mandatory life sentence with no parole. The decision was reversed by the Supreme Court. The review of the above cases was approved by the Supreme Court presenting the subject of constitutionality of a life sentence without parole for fourteen year olds who committed murder crimes. The two cases follow two previous cases before the Supreme Court. In the case of Roper v. Simmons, it was held that imposition of death penalty on defendants below the age of eighteen violated the eighth amendment. In the case of Graham v Florida, it was held sentencing defendants below the age of eighteen to life without parole violated the eighth amendment. It was held juveniles are less liable in light of changeability, vulnerability and immaturity. Facts of the case In each of the cases above, a fourteen year old was found guilty of murder and sentenced to a mandatory life imprisonment with no parole. In the case of Jackson, the petitioner had accompanied two other boys went to a video store to commit robbery. Jackson learned that one of the boys was having a shot gun. He was on the lookout, once he entered the store one of the boys shot the store clerk. Therefore, Jackson was charged by Arkansas as an adult with aggravated robbery and capital felony murder. He was convicted by the jury of both crimes. A statutory sentence of life imprisonment was issued by the court with no parole. Jackson argued life imprisonment without parole for a fourteen year old violated the eighth amendment. In Miller case, after an evening of drug use and drinking the petitioner and a friend beat Millers neighbor and set fire to his trailer. The neighbor died in the process. At first, Miller was charged as a juvenile. The case was removed and moved to an adult court where he was charged with murder in course of arson. Miller was found guilty by the jury and a statutory life sentence without parole was imposed. The court of criminal appeal of Alabama stated that Millers sentence was not harsh compared to his crime. The mandatory nature was allowed under the eighth amendment. TheDecision The Supreme Court held that the eighth amendment outlaw sentencing system that direct life imprisonment with no parole for juvenile murder offender. The eighth amendment prohibits unusual and cruel punishment and provides assurance of individual right not to be put under extreme sanctions. In Roper v. Simons, it was established that the right stems from perception of justice, therefore punishment should be proportionate to the offence and the offender. There were two precedents that reflected on fair punishment. There was one that adopted definite ban on sentencing system based on differences in severity of penalty and culpability of the offenders. That is why in Roper v. Simons, capital punishment for children was prohibited by the eighth amendment. In Graham v. Florida the eighth amendment also prohibited life sentence without parole for juvenile found guilty of non-homicide cases. This case further associated life sentence without parole for juvenile to death sentence. This suggested the second line of precedent that the court requires sentencing system to consider the details of the offence and characteristics of the defendant before sentencing him or her to death. The two line of precedents guide the court to conclude that life sentence without parole for juveniles in fringeon theeighthamendment. The court decision was influenced by Graham and Roper cases that established for sentencing reasons children are different from adults under the constitution. Children lack maturity and have no developed sense of responsibility. This leads them to be impulsive and reckless. In Roper it was held children are exposed to outside pressure and negative influences from friends. Therefore, they have less control of their environment because the child’s nature is not2 well informed. Graham and Roper emphasized distinguishing traits of children weakening justification for inflicting harsh sentences to juveniles even when they commit outrageous crimes. The court held in 5-4 majority that the eighth amendment forbids unusual and cruel punishment. Justice Kagan reversed Alabama and Arkansas Supreme court decisions. It was held under the constitutionally children are different from adults when it comes to sentencing. Justice Breyer had a concurring opinion arguing there is need for further determination if the offender intended to kill or killed the victim during the robbery. Justice Sotomayor supported the argument. However, Justice Roberts had a dissenting opinion. He argued that the court duty is to apply the law accordingly and not answer questions of social policy and morality. He argued the majority did not prove the punishment to be unusual. In his opinion, he did not find the punishment infringing on the eighth amendment. The dissent was joined by Justices Antonin Scalia, Samuel A, and Clarence Thomas. My Opinion of the Case I personally think the ruling by the Supreme Court on Miller v. Alabama is a welcome decision. I concur with Justice Kagan that mandatory life imprisonment for juvenile is like a sentence children to die in prison. Mandatory life sentence also infringes on the eighth amendment. It is true youths lack maturity and have no sense of responsibility. They are exposed to outside pressure and negative influences from friends and therefore their reasoning is not the same as adults. In wake of my support for Miller v. Alabama decision, I am sensitive to family victims who want retribution. However, I must reiterate that sentencing juveniles for life is not the way3 to go. There is need to think about this juveniles who have been given life without parole as our children. They need to be given an opportunity to come out and prove themselves as better people in society. Friend and families of victims would ask me why they deserve a second chance. It is true they may be mourning but no matter how painful the mourning can be, that cannot change the reality that children are different from adults in society. Children have a great potential for growth, understanding and change. Our sentencing system should not be characterized with vengeance. There may be a need recognize the potential for change. The opportunity should be given to juveniles to experience joy, life, and find meaning. The ban on mandatory life sentence without parole will ensure juveniles become educated, be creative and impact on the society positively.

Hard Rock Cafe Case Essay - 789 Words

Jennifer Varavithaya September 21, 2012 MISM Hardrock Cafà © Case: 1. What problems did the Rank Group find with the Hard Rock’s three main internal information systems (restaurant operations, merchandising, and financial)? Why was this a problem? [table – indented white bullets answer why] Restaurant Operations | Merchandising | Financial | * Different owners/franchisers implemented own restaurant management systems * No standards = hard for corporate to analyze sales * Processes broken communication worse * Different experiences at different Hard Rock Cafà ©s, any bad experience from one might mean losing potential return customer | * Relied on restaurant mangers w/o merchandising experience telling†¦show more content†¦What’s the solution? [list] * 500 exclusive concerts a year shown in the cafà © via webcasts * Hard rock memorabilia section on eBay (also links back to hard rock website) * New CRM system aims to strengthen customer-restaurant relationship building online community * Send e -mail to visitor when he/she visits a Hard Rock Cafà © elsewhere to come experience it locally * Customer can fill out survey asking about their demographics, bands/music they like etc. w/ unique ID number on receipt. Get $5 gift certificate in return (encourages them to go back captures data for corporate) * send e-mails w/bands customer likes if playing at nearby Hard Rock Cafà © * Take photos of customers at Cafà ©s and post them on Hard Rock website for them to claim * Allow customers to purchase merchandise from a Cafà © they been to in past * Unifying brand name under singular ownership * Multi-million dollar data warehouse system – stores all restaurant POS customer data * Chain-wide merchandise system – allows corporate to know when to send orders for restocking which Cafà ©s/current inventory of cafà ©s * New Financial system – auto reconciles numbers for every cafà © and reports them on daily basis * Reduced finance staff from 90 to 30 because ofShow MoreRelatedHard Rock Cafe Case Study5950 Words   |  24 PagesQ1.Identify the strategy changes that have taken place at Hard Rock Cafà © since its founding in 1971. 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Critically evaluate the operations managementRead MoreEssay on The Hard Rock Company2194 Words   |  9 PagesThe Hard Rock Cafà © (HRC) and the Hard Rock Hotels / Casinos is a highly successful series of ventures that serves up fun, music, food, nostalgia and beverage. The HRC is also famous for its music collectibles, including guitars used by icons in the industry (i.e. Madonna, Jimi Hendrix, etc), fashion merchandise, live concerts, and Hard Rock Live performance venues. The first Hard Rock Cafà © was opened on June 14, 1971, in London, England. Founded by Isaac Tigrett and Peter Morton, HRC became wellRead MoreHi Guys677 Words   |  3 PagesAnswering the questions on the text: Hard Rock Cafe - Forecasting 1. Describe three different forecasting applications at Hard Rock. Name three other areas in which you think Hard Rock could use forecasting models. 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Creighton University Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA

Creighton University is a private Jesuit university with an acceptance rate of 71%. Located on a 108-acre campus near downtown Omaha, Nebraska, Creighton undergraduates can choose from over 50 academic programs. Creighton has an impressive 11-to-1  student/faculty ratio. On the athletic front, the Creighton Bluejays compete in the NCAA Division I  Big East Conference. Considering applying to Creighton University? Here are the admissions statistics you should know, including average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, Creighton University had an acceptance rate of 71%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 71 students were admitted, making Creightons admissions process somewhat competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 10,112 Percent Admitted 71% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 16% SAT Scores and Requirements Creighton University requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 28% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. Note that beginning with the 2019-20 admissions cycle, Creighton University will become test-optional. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 580 670 Math 570 680 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that most of Creightons admitted students fall within the  top 35% natIonally  on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to Creighton scored between 580 and 670, while 25% scored below 580 and 25% scored above 670. In the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 570 and 680, while 25% scored below 570 and 25% scored above 680. Applicants with a composite SAT score of 1350 or higher will have particularly competitive chances at Creighton. Requirements Creighton does not require the SAT writing section. Note that Creighton participates in the score choice program, which means that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. ACT Scores and Requirements Creighton requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 84% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. Note that beginning with the 2019-20 admissions cycle, Creighton University will become test-optional. ACT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile English 24 32 Math 24 29 Composite 24 30 This admissions data tells us that most of Creightons admitted students fall within the  top 26% nationally  on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to Creighton University received a composite ACT score between 24 and 30, while 25% scored above 30 and 25% scored below 24. Requirements Creighton University does not require the ACT writing section. Unlike many universities, Creighton superscores ACT results; your highest subscores from multiple ACT sittings will be considered. GPA In 2018, the average high school GPA of Creighton Universitys incoming freshmen class was 3.74, and over 63% of incoming students had average GPAs of 3.75 and above. These results suggest that most successful applicants to Creighton have primarily A grades. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph Creighton University Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to Creighton University. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in  with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances Creighton University, which accepts fewer than three-quarters of applicants, has somewhat competitive admissions. Creighton also has a  holistic admissions  process and admissions decisions are based on much more than numbers. A strong  application essay  and optional glowing letters of recommendation  can strengthen your application, as can participation in meaningful  extracurricular activities  and a  rigorous course schedule. The college is looking for students who will contribute to the campus community in meaningful ways, not just students who show promise in the classroom. Students with particularly compelling stories or achievements can still receive serious consideration even if their grades and scores are outside of Creightons average range. In the graph above, the blue and green dots represent accepted students. Most successful applicants had high school averages of B or higher, combined SAT scores of 1100 or higher (ERWM), and ACT composite scores of 22 or better. Many Creighton students had high school GPAs in the A range. All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and Creighton University Undergraduate Admissions Office.

Gender Inequality What s The Right Thing - 1283 Words

Robyn Mendoza Ms. Bergen English 10- 2 26 April 2013 Gender Inequality Gender inequality is an on going topic in society today. Women continue to struggle in finding equality next to men. Women should have the exact same rights as men, no matter what the differences are between the two genders. In the book Justice: What s the Right Thing to Do, Aristotle’s theory of justice is â€Å"giving people what they deserve† (Sandel 9). Women should not be restricted or constrained from anything that men have the free will and power to do. Instead, women should be treated no less than men and have the same freedoms. Gender inequality is an injustice because it treats women differently opposed to the equality both men and women deserve as human†¦show more content†¦This is because they do not have a voice in society, and they do not want to cause problems. Women are required to do things that men are not because of their gender and this is an injustice. Women are constantly under the constraint of men who have the str ength and power to physically harm women who are much weaker than them. In recent years, complaints have increased in frequency about aggression by men who are not part of the women’s family (Bose and Kim 51). Not only are men hurting women but men who have no absolute relation to a certain woman is hurting her. This clearly shows that men do not take ownership in their wives but they allow other men who to treat her just as poorly as he himself. This violence continues to enforce the large impact men have on women. They can have every right to any women and abuse her. Men see themselves of having this over powering right to hurt anybody including somebody much fragile than themselves. But women because of their small figures and feminine qualities have no thought of doing the same. Not only is injury something women face but having less rights than their husbands. A law in Iran states, â€Å"The general rule in Islamic Shari’a is that divorce is the husband s unilate ral right and he can end his marriage by following a simple procedure: reciting the divorce formula in the presence of two witnesses. He does not need any grounds and

Kurt Vonnegut Essay Example For Students

Kurt Vonnegut Essay Kurt Vonneguts character Billy Pilgrim, in Slaughterhouse-Five, is an American soldier in Europe in the last year of World War II. What he sees and does during his six months on the battlefield and as a prisoner of war have dominated his life. He comes to terms with the feelings of horror, guilt, and despair that are the result of his war experiences by putting the events of his life in perspective. He reorganizes his life by using the device of time travel. Unlike everyone else, he does not live his life one day after another. Billy Pilgrim has become unstuck in time, and he jumps around among the periods of life in a constant state of transience. In the beginning of the novel, it is December 1944 and Billy, along with three other American soldiers, is lost in a forest far behind enemy lines. Billy closes his eyes for a moment, drifts back to a day in his past, then suddenly opens his eyes in the future: its 1965 and he is visiting his mother in a nursing home. He blinks, then time changes to 1958, then 1961, and finally he finds himself back in the forest in December 1944.Billy does not have much time to wonder about what has just happened. He has been captured almost immediately by German soldiers and put onto a train bound for eastern Germany. Aboard the train Billy has a great adventure into the future. He finds himself at the night of his daughters wedding in 1967, where he is kidnapped by a flying saucer from the imaginary planet Tralfamadore. The aliens take Billy to their home planet and put him in a zoo. Then, as always seems to happen, Billy wakes up back in the war. The train arrives at a prison camp, and there a group of British officers throw a banquet for the American POWs.Before long he is traveling in time again, to a mental hospital in 1948, where hes visited by his fiancee, Valencia Merble. As soon as he recovers from his nervous breakdown, Billy will be set up in business as an optometrist by Valencias father. Billy is introduced to science fiction by his hospital roommate, Eliot Rosewater, whose favorite author is Kilgore Trout. Trouts writing is terrible, but Billy comes to admire his ideas.Billy soon travels in time again to Tralfamadore, where he is the most popular exhibit in the zoo. His keepers love talking to him because his ideas are so strange to them. He thinks, for example, that wars could be prevented if people could see into the future as he can. The American POWs are now being moved to Dresdan, which as an open city of no military value has come through unscathed, while almost every other German city has been heavily bombed. Billy knows that Dresdan will soon be totally destroyed, even though theres nothing worth bombing there. The Americans are housed in building number five of the Dresdan slaughterhouse. There, Billy continues his time-travels. He survives a plane crash in 1968. A few years before that, he meets Kilgore Trout. Also, on Tralfamadore, he tells his zoo-mate, Montan Wildhack, about the bombing of Dresdan. Billy Pilgrim and the other American POWs take shelter in a meat locker beneath the slaughterhouse. When they go out the next day, Dresdan looks like the surface of the moon. Everything has been reduced to ashes and minerals, and everything is still hot. Nothing is moving anywhere. After months of digging corpses out of the ruins, Billy and the others wake up one morning to discover that their guards have disappeared. The war had now ended, and they are free men.There are many ways for an individual to cope with post-traumatic stress. The way in which one chooses to deal with emotionally taxing situations is determined, in part, by the individuals character traits. .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f , .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f .postImageUrl , .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f , .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f:hover , .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f:visited , .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f:active { border:0!important; } .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f:active , .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3947164911ccfeca06df869cac21360f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Room with a view Essay Because Billy Pilgrim is insecure and unable to effectively reestablish a sense of normalcy, he chooses time-travel as his own personal brand of denial. The result of his emotional journey was the further development of his character, as well as his neurosis.

Open source systems

Introduction Open source systems are built on software that is freely available to the public and which can be legally altered (or customized) by developers to meet certain needs. Generally, developing an open source system can be seen as a two-step process, the first step being acquiring source codes for the software to be used and the second step being customizing the software to suit the particular needs in play.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Open source systems specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this paper, the risks and ethical issues associated with open-source systems are outlined and additionally, a one-page audit plan for an open-source system for Global Airline Co. prepared in order to boost the company’s confidence in open-source systems as a viable cost-cutting measure. A1: Enterprise risks One enterprise risk associated with open-source systems is minimal information security. Accordin g toNetwork World (2011, 1) the development of open-source software is done in such a way that the software fail to meet set minimal security standards. Another enterprise risk associated with open-source systems according to Findlaw (2011, 4) is infringement risk. Due to the nature of the development process of open-source software,it is possible for developers to infringe the intellectual property rights of other proprietary software (Findlaw, 2011, 4). Another enterprise risk associated with open-source systems according to Findlaw (2011, 14) is licence restriction risk. Open-source software when compared to proprietary software comes with licence restrictions that are more likely to impact on a company’s strategy (Findlaw, 2011, 14). Another risk associated with open-source systems is lack of support (Burton Group, 2003, 13). Support for open-source software is difficult to find owing to the nature of how they are developed. Another enterprise risk associated with open-so urce systems is the cost of training, support and service of the system. According to Burton Group (2003, 12) the cost associated with training, support and service of open-source systems can at times surpass that of the commercial software product it is replacing.Advertising Looking for case study on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A2: Ethical Issues One ethical issue with open source systems is confidentiality and privacy (National Information Assurance Training and Education Center, 2011, 4). It is regarded, as an ethical, legal and business requirement to ensure that the discretion of information in a given organization is safeguarded. Another ethical issue with open source systems is Patent and Copyright Law (National Information Assurance Training and Education Center, 2011, 13). Patents and Copyright Laws are legal protections of the intellectual property of an enterprise, which includes its information. Another eth ical issue with open source systems is fraud and misuse (National Information Assurance Training and Education Center, 2011, 10 ). Care has to be taken to safeguard the integrity of data in the open source system, otherwise, genuine data can be replaced with fraudulent one in a malicious scheme to benefit a threat-source to the system. Another ethical issue with open source systems is safeguarding its allied infrastructure e.g. computers from sabotage (National Information Assurance Training and Education Center, 2011, 17). The open source system cannot function at all or optimally without its allied infrastructure e.g. computers it is thus ethically important that infrastructure is protected from intentional or unintentional sabotage. An ethical issue with open source systems is ethics and responsible decision-making (National Information Assurance Training and Education Centre, 2011, 2). Ethics promote sound decision-making which is critical in managing the open source system. A3: Audit Plan The first step in the audit plan is selecting an information auditor and putting together an information audit team. The information auditor is not necessarily an employee of Global Airline Co. but it is desirable that he/she has extensive knowledge on open source systems and information auditing. The information audit team is to comprise senior officials of Global Airline Co. who have information –related backgrounds. Once the information auditor has been selected and the audit team put in place we proceed to the second step of the audit plan that is known as promote. In this step, through the audit team, the benefits of auditing the system are promoted to the rest of the company so as to maximize support and corporation for the process as well as minimize hostility among staff, which can undermine the success for the audit.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Open source systems specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition to this, a passport letter that is signed by the CEO of the company is to be circulated round the company that demands full corporation from each affected member of the company. Again, in this step, the information auditor determines awareness level and information value in Global Airline Co. does a preliminary assessment of the company. The third step in the audit plan comprises six stages. The audit team does the first four stages and information auditor does the remaining two stages. The six stages are: Identifying and defining the mission of the Global Airline Co. Identifying and defining the environment of Global Airline Co. Identifying and defining Global Airline Co. organizational structure Identifying and describing Global Airline Co. organizational structure Identifying information flows Identifying Global Airline Co. information resources The fourth step in the audit plan is analyse in which an analysis and evaluation of the information resources of Global Airline Co. is done as a means towards developing action plans that improve the company’s problematic situations and that achieve the objectives identified in the previous stage. The analyse step consists of four stages that are: Evaluating Global Airline Co. information resources Developing an information flow diagram Preparing a preliminary report Formulating the action plans The fifth step in the audit plan is account in which a cost valuation of the information resources ofGlobal Airline Co. is done. The cost valuation is a vital part in developing and evaluating an information strategy that is apt for Global Airline Co. The sixth and final step in the audit plan is synthesise in which documentation of the whole audit process is prepared and presented. The documentation is a report whose contents include the findings of the audit process and the recommendations made about the open source system. The recommendations made form the base of the informati on strategy to adopt towards the open source system. The synthesis step consists of two stages, these are: Preparing and presenting the information audit report Developing the information strategy Part 2: Question one As the information auditor, after firing Peter the next step will be to undertake an audit of the company’s information system. The aim of the audit plan would be to determine the extent of damage done by Peter and formulate action plans to deal with the situation. The final stage of this audit plan would be to document the findings and recommendations of the audit plan and present them to the senior management of the company. Part 2: Question two My reply to the boss as to how I came up with the shortfall would be that I followed a strategic approach to information auditing, which is a process consisting of five primary steps namely, promote, identify, analyse, account and synthesise (Buchanan and Gibb, 1998, 41).Advertising Looking for case study on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Part 2: Question three Information management is according to AIIM (2011, 3) the process in which information from one or multiple sources is collected and managed and distributed to a single or multiple audiences. Information control is an activity that goes hand in hand with information managementand it is undertaken toregulate the information collected from the source and the one which is distributed to the audience. Part 3: Question one One of the key assumptions made in the model is that in an organization the information is always steadily and continuously circulating through the six activities shown in the diagram. Another assumption is that the information is both of an electronic and non-electronic nature. Part 3: Question two The model lacks information control, which is an activity that is closely related to information management. References AIIM. (2011). What is information management. Web. Buchanan, S. and Gibb, F. (1998). The information audit: an integrated strategic approach. International Journal of Information Management, 18(1). Burton Group. (2003). Open source software: risks and rewards. Web. Findlaw. (2011). The risks of open source software. Web. Network World. (2011). Open source software a security risk, study claims. Web. National Information Assurance Training and Education Center. (2011). Ethical issues. Web. 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